Theological Grounding Episode 5: Canonicity – Historical Overview & the Failure of External Criteria (Video)

The Muratorian Canon (175-225 AD)  was the earliest official list produced by the Church. It was not sanctioning a canon but recognizing a list of authoritative, self-attesting, self-authenticating, self-interpreting texts received by believers. This early list omits Hebrews, 2 Peter and James, also 1 Peter but this is considered an unintentional omission. The word “canon” is not yet used but the list is “reckoned,” “received,” and “read” in the churches. These words speak of a closed collection of books – that there would be no more added to the books that were “recognized.” The criteria were: 1. Apostolicity; 2. Inspiration; 3. Historical authenticity; 4. Rejection of anything that could not belong to the Apostolic period; 5. Wide church acceptance of the text – accepted by all believers.